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All stacks · AI & MLOps

MLOps

Feature stores, model pipelines, and ML infrastructure.

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About MLOps

MLOps is where data engineering meets model lifecycle: feature pipelines, training data versioning, deployment, and the monitoring that notices drift before customers do. Most "ML platform" pain is data platform pain wearing a different badge.

The guides here approach MLOps from the pipeline side — feature stores and when a well-modeled warehouse beats one, reproducible training data, batch versus online serving, and monitoring that watches data quality as closely as model metrics.

What you'll learn here

  • Feature pipelines: offline/online consistency and the training-serving skew trap
  • When you need a feature store — and when dbt models plus a cache suffice
  • Versioning data and models for reproducible training
  • Batch scoring vs online inference architectures
  • Monitoring: drift, data quality, and knowing when to retrain

Frequently asked questions

Do I need a feature store?

Only when online inference needs the same features as training at low latency, or many teams reuse features. For batch scoring, versioned warehouse tables built by dbt are simpler and usually sufficient. Adopt the problem before the tool.

What is training-serving skew?

When features computed at serving time differ from how they were computed for training — different code paths, different timing, leaked future data. It quietly destroys model performance. The cure is computing features once, in one pipeline, consumed by both sides.

How is MLOps different from DevOps?

Code is only one of three moving parts — data and models change too, often without a deploy. That means versioning datasets, tracking experiments, and monitoring statistical behavior in production, not just uptime.

What should model monitoring actually watch?

Input data quality first (nulls, ranges, schema, volume), then prediction distribution drift, then delayed ground-truth metrics where labels arrive late. Most "model degraded" incidents are upstream data incidents caught late.

Which tools should I learn first?

MLflow for tracking and registry (it is everywhere), plus your platform's serving story — SageMaker, Vertex, or Databricks. Orchestration you already know from data work transfers directly; a model pipeline is still a DAG.

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